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    • 专利摘要:
    SECURITY ELEMENT WITH ACHROMATIC CHARACTERISTICS. The present invention relates to an achromatic security element for valuable documents, such as cash notes, cards, identity documents and the like, comprising a thermoplastic or a radiation-curable polymer layer, characterized in that the layer is engraved on relief with diffusely reflecting microstructures, with dimensions in the order of 1 to 100 (Mi) m, a method for the production of such security elements, valuable documents comprising the said security elements and a monetary system comprising the said security elements.
    公开号:BR112013008952B1
    申请号:R112013008952-0
    申请日:2011-10-05
    公开日:2020-11-10
    发明作者:Matthias Müller；Stephan Trassi；Bert De Gooijer；Klaus Schmidegg；Sander De Bruin
    申请人:Hueck Folien Ges. M.B.H；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a security element for valuable documents, cards, cash notes and the like, with a first level achromatic security feature, which is difficult to counterfeit.
    Holographic security strips or wires are well-known first-level security items for cash notes and documents of value and provide additional second and third-level security through an implementation of optical and / or forensic elements. Most of these features contain diffraction elements in the form of a surface relief, whose structural elements have sizes ranging from 10 to 1000 nm, that is, which are in the wavelength range of visible light. The optical effect seen by an observer is a color change in the visible spectrum when the security element is tilted or twisted. Cinematic or flip-flop effects (left-right) can also be created. More recently, these diffraction characteristics have been combined with non-diffraction or achromatic characteristics, which show a modulation of the reflectivity and / or the intensity of the reflected light without dividing it into its spectral components. Special types of such features can mimic a three-dimensional appearance. Characteristic sizes of such achromatic microstructures are either well below the wavelength of visible light (<100 nm) or well above (> 1.5 pm). The microstructure can consist of irregular or regular surface structures, deliberately created or random. WO 2008/104277 A discloses a grid image, comprising two or more grid fields that contain, respectively, a grid pattern, which has a plurality of dashed grid lines. At least one of the grid fields is an achromatic grid field, having a visual appearance that is dependent on the viewing angle. The grid fields are formed from partial areas that are embedded within each other. Its length, in at least one dimension, is below the resolution limit with the naked eye. DE 10 2007 020 026 A describes a security paper that comprises at least one window covered by a transparent or translucent layer with motif areas that are in the form of symbols, patterns or codes. The motif zones comprise achromatic microstructures with transmission and reflection properties depending on the viewing angle, giving a different appearance when viewed from opposite sides of the property layer. WO 2007/131375 A describes an element with optically effective surface relief microstructures and a method of how to do it. The surface relief microstructure has a surface modulation of upper and lower regions. In a first lateral direction of the surface area there is, on average, at least one transition from an upper region to a lower region, or vice versa, every 20 pm. In a second lateral direction of the mask, which is perpendicular to the first direction, there is, on average, at least one transition from a first to a second zone, or vice versa, every 200 pm.
    In the microstructure, (i) in the first direction, the lateral arrangement of the transitions is non-periodic, and (ii) the top regions substantially reside on the same upper relief level and the lower regions substantially reside on the same lower relief level. Through scattering effects, surface relief microstructures are suitable for displaying images with a positive-negative image movement, which advantageously has a distinct and saturated color appearance, but at the same time does not display colors from the visible spectrum. . WO 2007/027122 describes a security seal comprising a vehicle whose rear surface is provided with a layer of glue to apply the security tag to a protected article. The face surface is provided with a visible graphic image incorporated in it. In addition, the face surface is provided with a profile in the form of a plurality of grooves that cross the lines of the main image of the screen structure, such that an inhomogeneous system of transverse points is formed, characterized in that said system of transverse points form an additional visible latent image on the bottom of the main image, when an entry angle is modified or the vehicle is viewed at a specific oblique angle. The canvas relief and / or the main image structure is provided with geometric distortions, the value of which corresponds to the tonal scale values of the additional image, and the groove depth is selected in such a way that the violation of the vehicle's integrity, through of an attempt to mechanically separate the security tag attached to the surface of the protected article, without authorization, is taken into account. EP 0 330 738 A describes a document that has a macroscopic structure in relief on a substrate. The structure is provided with an optical performance coating and protected under a protective cover. The structure consists of several surface portions, which are defined by a microscopic relief structure, and are different from one another under visual observation as a result of optical diffraction effects. Several of the surface portions measure less than 0.3 mm and can occur individually or in a row in the structure, where the distances between the surface portions measure less than 0.3 mm. The document presents a pattern consisting of a mesh of dots and lines [visible] to the naked eye. An examiner who views the document through a magnifying glass will see the points and lines as characters, numbers and other graphic resources. DE 10 2006 03900 A discloses a method for producing documents or labels containing security features. The method involves the production of one or multiple layers of raw material by treatment with a suitable laser. The laser parameters are dynamically changed during production. An engraving of a different depth or at a different depth is produced by changing the laser parameters during the production of the document or labels and the depth of the relief is correlated as a safety feature with the label. WO 2004/077468 A describes a security element that has a grid structure. The structure consists of at least a first part provided with a constant grid that is less than a wavelength, in which said part is observable and incorporated in the form of a relief structure, the height of the relief of which is defined in such a way so that the zero order grid image can be observed within a given spectral range. Said part is less than 0.5 mm in size, at least in one direction. WO 2005/071444 A discloses a grid image consisting of one or more grid fields, which contain, respectively, a grid pattern, which influences electromagnetic radiation and which consists of a plurality of dashed grid lines. Dashed grid lines are characterized by the following parameters: orientation, curvature, distance and profile. A grid field of that grid image, which can be recognized separately, with the naked eye, contains a grid pattern, which influences electromagnetic radiation, and which is provided with dashed grid lines for which at least one of the parameters (orientation, curvature, distance and profile) may vary across the surface of the grid field. WO 2006/133863 A describes a security document with a transparent security element, with a structural layer arranged in a window or in a transparent section of the security document. A first section of the structural layer comprises a diffractive asymmetric relief structure and the first section has an unexpectedly different optical effect when the security document is viewed from the front and the rear. WO 01/70516 describes a mold for coins and medals that comprises a hardened surface on which a motif is produced, said motif is constructed only from a more or less compact series of grooves. Each groove has essentially the same diameter, being between 0.1 and 0.3 pm, and each groove being essentially the same depth. The method described for making a die for coins or medals starts from a hardened metal surface and produces at least part of a pattern on that surface, producing grooves by laser technology. WO 03/022597 describes a valuable object made from a piece of sheet-shaped metallic material. The sheet-shaped piece has an image applied to it with the help of a matrix, on at least one side. The information about the matrix can be obtained with the aid of a laser technique, forming cracks in it. The image is formed by a series of elevations, which essentially comprise the same diameter and height. WO 2005/077674 describes a coin or token with a relief made up of striations and an image. The relief structure, consisting essentially of triangular grooves, is provided with part of said image on one side of the groove and a series of said faces of a series of said grooves that form said image. The parts of the image are formed by producing regions with reflective characteristics on the side of the striations, which differ from the other regions on that side. The regions with different reflective properties comprise an embossed surface that extends essentially parallel to the surface of the remainder of said side. WO 2009/126030 describes an authentication feature and a method for producing the authentication feature. An empty space is placed between two matrix halves, having a complementary relief structure. The relief structure is compressed on the said empty space without the addition of material. The empty space comprises a material that has a reflective surface. The relief structure comprises grooves and ridges, respectively. The recording is carried out in such a way that each of the said ridges or grooves is provided with elevations and depressions within the plane of said ridges and grooves, said elevations and depressions form an image by reflection.
    It is an object of the invention to provide an embossed achromatic security element for valuable documents, such as cash notes and the like, which is easy to detect but difficult to forge and does not include diffraction elements.
    An additional object of the invention is to provide a method of making such security elements.
    Another object is a monetary system comprising coins and banknotes, in which the structures in the security element on a money bill resemble the structures of the coins.
    According to one aspect of the invention, an achromatic security element is provided for valuable documents, such as cash notes, cards, identity documents and the like, comprising a thermoplastic or radiation-curable polymer layer, characterized in that the layer is embossed with diffusely reflective microstructures, with dimensions on the order of 1 to 100 pm.
    According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for producing the security elements according to the invention, comprising at least the steps of • providing a substrate for transportation • coating said substrate with a thermoplastic coating or a curing polymer by UV • Engrave in relief, with the referred coating diffusely reflecting microstructures with dimensions in the order of 1 to 100 pm. The inventive achromatic security element is based on structures that are also used to make dies for minting.
    The microstructures are created by laser engraving of a master plate and have sizes, namely, lateral dimensions and engraving depths in the order of 1 to 100 pm, therefore far beyond the wavelength of light visible in the non-diffractive regime.
    The master plate is generally made of a metal or polymer plate, with a specular reflection surface, thus, with a low roughness surface. Materials that can be used to manufacture the master plate are, for example, nickel, steel, bronze or polymers, such as PMMA, PC, PS or the like. If a laser of sufficient power reaches the surface of the master plate, the electromagnetic radiation interacts with the material of the master plate and a part of the master plate at the site of the impact of the beam is removed either terrified or terrestrial (evaporation / fusion) or not terrestrially ( ablation). Due to the removal of material from the surface or local modification of the surface, the reflection properties are changed at the laser impact point and show a diffuse reflection, with a matte finish on the surface. Preferably, the modification of the surface is done non-thermally, by ablation.
    The lateral and vertical dimensions of the microstructures are ultimately determined by the type, size and power of the laser point used. While embossing depths for coins can be as high as several 100 pm, an embossed security film generally has a total thickness of less than 40 pm including the film used as a vehicle and all functional layers. The vertical dimensions (perpendicular to the film surface) of laser-engraved matrix structures are thus limited by the thickness of the embossing layer and are typically below 10 pm, preferably below 5 pm and most preferably below 2 pm . The lateral resolution of laser engraved structures is typically below 100 pm, preferably below 50 pm.
    The matte appearance of the modified areas of the surface may be a consequence of the micro-roughness that appears in the base layer of each individual engraved point or line, due to the ablation or fusion of the material at this point. However, also the mere existence of a recessed point or line on a flat surface otherwise creates effects of diffuse reflection at the ends of the point or line. In practice, a mixture of both effects will be seen by an observer.
    The structures can be combined to form pixelated, photorealistic images, in bitmap format, which create halftone or newspaper-like images, from a graphic arrangement of specular and diffusely reflective pixels, of uniform or varied sizes. These images are usually characterized by a somewhat two-dimensional appearance. Depending on the backlight and the viewing angle, the optical appearance may show bright areas etched on a dark specular background, or matte areas etched on a bright specular background. Normally, both effects can be seen due to the inclination of the security element.
    In another embodiment, the structures may resemble reliefs that are usually found on coins that suggest great depth and whose luminosity changes or inverts due to the inclination or alteration of the position.
    The engraved structures can also be produced in a way that resembles typical structures engraved on low relief printing plates, which are used in virtually all known circulating money bills. In addition, the engraved structures can also be produced in a way that resembles a watermark on the paper of a bank note. The average user can thus combine the security feature embossed on the line or strip with a printed security feature or a watermark on the ballot. The advantage for the end user is that all three components essential for the production of a cash banknote (security feature, paper, printing) contain the same image with a similar appearance and, thus, efficiently help to validate the banknote.
    Suitable methods for creating the master plate are disclosed, for example, in WO 01/70516, WO 03/022597, WO 2005/077674, WO 2009/126030, referred to above, the content of which is included here for reference.
    The matrix is then used to create a stamping tool (steel plate) to replicate the above microstructures either in a thermoplastic or in a UV curable polymer coating on a film, used as a vehicle. The manufacture of the steel plate typically consists of several stages of electrodeposition and step-e-repeat recombination and finally produces a cylindrical stamping tool, to be used in roll to roll printing processes. However, it is also possible to engrave the above structures directly on a cylindrical tool using an appropriate laser machining configuration, with sufficient energy to manipulate the cylindrical surface in the same way as described above for the die.
    Other types of embossing tools used in alternative feature production routes, such as embossed flat plates (for plate processing) or segmented embossing cylinders, can be produced in a similar way.
    The polymer layer to be engraved can be supplied on a transport substrate.
    Suitable transport substrates are, for example, support films, preferably flexible polymer films consisting of PI, PP, MOPP, PE, PPS, PEEK, PEK, PEI, PSU, PAEK, LCP, PEN, PBT, PET, PA , PC, COC, POM, ABS, PVC, PTFE, ETFE (ethylene tetrafluoroethylene), PFA (tetra fluoro ethylene-perfluorpropylvinylether-copolymer of fluorine), MFA (tetra fluoro methylene-perfluorpropylvinylether-copolymer of fluorine), PTFE (polytetrafluoro), PTFE (polytetrafluoro) PVF (polyvinyl fluoride), PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), and EFEP (ethylene-tetrafluorethylene-hexafluorpropylene-fluorine terpolymer).
    These backing films are generally 5 to 700 pm thick, preferably 5 to 200 pm, more preferably 5 to 50 pm.
    In addition, metal films, such as Al, Cu, Sn, Ni, Fe or steel, with a thickness of 5 to 200 pm, preferably from 10 to 80 pm, more preferably from 20 to 50 pm are the suitable support substrates .
    In addition, paper substrates, such as cellulose-free or cellulose-containing paper, heat-sensitive paper or laminates, for example, with polymer films, are suitable support substrates. These substrates can have a weight of 20 to 500 g / m2, preferably 40 to 200 g / m2. The transport substrate is then provided with thermoplastic etching lacquer, or radiation curable, preferably UV curable.
    The radiation curable etching lacquer, for example, may consist of a radiation curable lacquer system, based on a polyester, epoxy or polyurethane system, consisting of one or more different, commonly known photoinitiators. These photoinitiators can initiate the curing of the lacquer engraving system to different degrees, at different wavelengths. For example, a first photoinitiator can be activated by radiation with a wavelength of 200 to 400 nm, while a second photoinitiator can be activated by radiation with a wavelength of 370 to 600 nm. Preferably, there should be a sufficient distance between the two activation wavelengths, so that the excitation of the second photoinitiator is not very strong, while the first photoinitiator becomes active. The interval at which the second photoinitiator is activated must be in the transmission wavelength range of the support substrate used, if curing is done through the transport substrate. For the main curing step, electron beam radiation can be used. In this case, no photoinitiator is used, but the reticulation process in recording lacquer is triggered by the electron beam. In addition, a water-based varnish can be used as a radiation curable etching lacquer. Polyester-based lacquer systems are preferred. The thickness of the engraving lacquer is generally between 5 and 50 pm, preferably 2 and 10 pm, more preferably 2 and 5 pm.
    The surface structure is cast, for example, at elevated temperature, by pressing the embossing tool on the radiation-curable lacquer, which is pre-cured by activating the first photoinitiator to the gel state. If a water-curable, water-curable etching lacquer is used, it may be necessary to introduce a drying step before embossing, for example by infrared radiators or thermal convection drying, to remove water from the film. embossing lacquer. The transport substrate is brought into contact with the engraving tool, which is preferably mounted on a temperature controlled clamping cylinder. The embossing of the surface structure is preferably done only when the coated support substrate comes into contact with the embossing tool.
    Precise control of process parameters, such as pressure and, in particular, temperature, is necessary to avoid too rapid or too slow a change in the properties of the etching lacquer.
    At the same time, when embossing takes place, the final curing of the engraving lacquer and the subsequent complete curing is carried out.
    In addition, the etching lacquer may consist of a thermoplastic lacquer. The thermoplastic lacquer can be based on MMA or ethyl cellulose or on an olefinic cycle polymer, which may contain modifiers that influence thermoplastic or stabilizing properties.
    Depending on the basic polymer additives that influence the glass transition temperature, the temperature variation in which the lacquer is found, in a thermoplastic state, or the curing properties, can be modified. An MMA-based lacquer preferably comprises nitrocellulose as an additive to increase the glass transition temperature. A lacquer based on olefinic cyclopolymers preferably comprises polyethylene wax. An ethyl cellulose based lacquer preferably comprises cross-linking agents, commercially available.
    The concentration of basic polymer in the lacquer depends on the type of the basic polymer, the desired properties and the modifier (s), and is usually between 4% and 50% by weight.
    The lacquer is dry, but it is still in a thermoplastic state when it is etched with diffusely reflective microstructures, by a conventional hot etching process, preferably at controlled temperature and / or (high) pressure. After embossing, the lacquer layer can be cured by radiation or by increasing the temperature, or by printing through a cross-linked layer. The embossed polymer coating is normally transparent, but can be colored by soluble or pigmented dyes, to modify the optical appearance of the security element. The thickness of the embossed polymer coating is generally less than 10 pm, preferably less than 5 pm. The embossed polymer coating is then metallized to improve the reflectivity of the embossed surface and maximize the contrast between the specular and diffuse reflective parts of the embossed surface. The metallized layer can be deposited by PVD and CVD processes, preferably by means of a roller-to-roller web vacuum coating process using thermal evaporation, evaporation by reixe o and electrons or by impact of sounds. The use of printing inks that contain pigments in metal flakes can also create an optical appearance similar to that obtained through vacuum-coated layers. Metallic layers are preferably formed by Al, Sn, Cu, Zn, Pt, Au, Ag, Cr, Ti, Mo, Fe, Pt, Pd or by alloys, such as Cu-AI, Cu-Sn, Cu-Zn, iron -alloys, steel, stainless steel or the like.
    The metal layer (s) can be applied over the entire surface of the security element or applied to selected parts of the security element only. Such partial metallization layers are either produced by metal deposition and subsequent conditioning, or by means of a demetallization process, for example, as described in WO-A 99/13195. These partial metal layers can also be produced in the form of a grid or grid line, where the scan points can be opaque or semi-transparent. Preferably, the grid represents a halftone image.
    A partial layer of metal can be applied when laying the engraving to combine a safety feature visible under reflected light (engraving + metal) and a visible feature under transmitted light (partial metallic layer), in the same location, on the security element .
    The optical appearance of the security element closely resembles the appearance of a shiny polished metal coin. By an appropriate choice of metallic coating, the appearance can be combined with the materials used in the minting (silver, copper, brass, nickel, etc.), or using the same alloy, or an alloy with similar optical properties.
    In another embodiment, the metallic coating can be replaced by a composite metallic color coating, which produces bright and reflective colors, the hue of which can be adjusted over a wide range.
    The colored metallic layer may consist of a composite metal layer, having a defined thickness and defined optical parameters (spectral absorption, refractive index, transparency), and at least one partially reflective layer.
    Metal compounds include transparent or semi-transparent materials, having selective or defined absorption properties, and preferably with a refractive index> 1.6. Preferably metal or semiconductor oxides, sulfides or fluorides are used.
    Examples of suitable metal compounds are Ti, Zn, Cu, Zr, Al, Cr, Mg, Hf, Si, Y or Ta oxides, complex oxides such as indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony oxide ( ATO), fluorine tin oxide (FTO), zinc chromate, or ZnS (zinc sulfide), BaF2 (barium fluoride), MgF2 (magnesium fluoride), CaF2 (calcium fluoride).
    The layer that reflects, at least partially, consists of a metal layer made of Al, Sn, Cu, Zn, Pt, Au, Ag, Cr, Ti, Mo, Fe, Pt, Pd or alloys, such as Cu- AI, Cu-Sn, Cu-Zn, ferro-alloys, steel, stainless steel or similar.
    The layers are preferably applied through PVD or CVD processes, commonly known.
    When the color metallic layer is seen from the side of the metal composite layer, the light first passes through the metal composite layer, is then reflected by the at least partially reflective layer, and then passes through the composite layer again. of metal.
    The visual appearance is determined by the spectral absorption and interference defined in the metal composite layer in combination with the spectral reflection properties of the layer, at least partially reflective.
    Therefore, the visual appearance is determined by the following parameters: • optical properties of the metal composite layer • thickness of the metal composite layer • spectral reflection properties of the layer, at least partially reflective.
    The optical properties of the metal composite layer depend on the material, which defines the refractive index and the absorption properties of the layer. For example, a TiOx layer has a refractive index of about 2.2, a CuOx layer has a refractive index of 2.0 and MgF2 of 1.38. Absorption is an intrinsic property of the material, and generally characteristic, that is, absorption in a defined wavelength range is greater than in other wavelength ranges, for example, if the absorption threshold is in the range of visible light, or if the absorption coefficients increase with increasing wavelength. The absorption coefficient can be influenced by stoichiometry, for example, in the case of oxides, by controlling the partial pressure of oxygen during the deposition process. If Ti is vacuum deposited without oxygen, an opaque layer is formed, with a thickness of about 30 to 50 nm, if oxygen is added during the deposition process, the layer becomes increasingly transparent, until a compound of stoichiometric oxide (TiO2) is formed, which shows insignificant absorption in the thickness of the same layer.
    The semitransparent layer of a layer of metal compound, whose optical thickness (the product of the refractive index and geometric thickness, n ■ d) is in the wavelength range of the incident light (50 to 2000 nm), produces effects of interference caused by partial reflection at its upper and lower interfaces to neighboring layers, with different refractive indices. This results in a wavelength of selective amplification or attenuation of the incident light, which manifests itself as a color effect, which changes according to the thickness of the layer. Therefore, a specific material, such as TiOx or CuOx with constant stoichiometry, will have a different color, depending only on the geometric thickness of the layer. For example, a layer of CuOx with a thickness of 80 nm attenuates the green and blue components of the spectrum and increases the yellow component of the incident white light, whereas a layer of CuOx with a thickness of 160 nm, of the same stoichiometry, attenuates the red and blue component and increases the green component of incident white light.
    In addition, the color of the colored metal layer can be influenced by the at least partially reflective layer. For example, an aluminum layer shows continuous reflection over the entire visible range of the spectrum, while copper appears reddish, that is, the red component of the light is reflected stronger than the blue component. A person skilled in the art will easily know how layers of other metal affect the appearance of the respective layer of colored metal.
    Still, according to another embodiment, the safety feature of the invention may contain two or more metallic layers, at least partially overlapped or spaced, to obtain bi or multimetallic reflection layers. Preferably, different metals have different visual appearance or colors, and combinations of metals, metal alloys, metallic compounds and layers of colored metal can produce visually attractive optical effects. Similar bimetallic effects are well known in coins, which have a silvery appearance over an outer ring of the coin and a bronze-like appearance in the center part! of the currency.
    The thickness (s) of the metal layer (s) is generally between 1 and 100 nm, preferably between 10 and 50 nm. The choice of thickness depends on the material and the desired optical properties.
    According to another embodiment of the invention, the feature of the invention can be combined with other security elements, such as security prints that have fluorescent, phosphorescent, thermochromic, optically variable, magnetic or electrically conductive properties.
    The optical properties of such a layer are defined by pigments, for example, by luminescent pigments, which fluoresce or phosphoresce in the visible, UV or IR spectral range, effect pigments, such as liquid crystals, iridescent, brass and / or colors of multilayer changing pigments, as well as thermochromic pigments. These pigments can be used alone or in various combinations.
    Magnetic properties of the layer are provided by diamagnetic, paramagnetic or ferromagnetic pigments. Preferably magnetic varnishes or lacquers containing oxides of Fe, Fe, Ni, Co, and their alloys, Ba or Co ferrites, steel compounds or magnetically hard or soft Fe are used in aqueous dispersions or solvent solutions.
    Electrically conductive properties of such a layer are provided by lacquers or varnishes that comprise electrically conductive pigments, such as graphite, carbon black or electrically conductive organic or inorganic polymers, metal pigments (Cu, Al, Ag, Au, Fe, Cr , and the like), metal alloys, such as Cu-Zn, Cu-AI or the like, or amorphous or crystalline ceramic pigments, such as ITO and the like. Other doped or non-doped semiconductors, such as Si, Ge or ionic conductors, such as amorphous or crystalline metal oxides, or metal sulfides, can be comprised in the electrically conductive layer.
    In addition, the security element can comprise diffraction elements, such as holograms, diffraction grids, surface reliefs and the like, which can be produced in accordance with EP 1 310 381. The security element can also be coated on a or on both sides with a protective lacquer, which can be pigmented or non-pigmented. Such coatings are well known in the art and serve to increase the physical or chemical resistance of the security element.
    In addition, the security element can contain an adhesive layer on one or both sides, for example, a cold or hot seal, or a self-adhesive layer, which can be pigmented or non-pigmented. The security element, as described above, can be laminated to an additional support substrate, which can contain additional security elements. The security element can be produced in the form of stripes, lines or stains and applied on top or, at least partially embedded in natural or synthetic paper, to produce a substrate for valuable documents. In addition, use of plastic cards (credit cards, ID cards, ...) or travel documents (passports, visas, ...) is also possible. In another embodiment, the security element can be visible in a recess or opening in the substrate, on one or both sides. The security element can be partially incorporated or applied on the substrate with the help of the adhesive layer, where the support substrate of the security element can remain on the security element, or -. -. ~~ -. -1 - . A.-J «a» MA A fa aM A ■ M í A 4 »* ^» ■ "» «Ar ** X * I> XA» XAI ciilcuiuciuu qudi luu ci & ucniiαuαo IUI IUIWI ICIIO aau LI cu IOICIiviαo pαiα v papei.
    Since identical structures can be used in the process of making and minting money bills, the optical appearance of coins and money bills can be combined to give the public an identical first-tier feature, thus creating an innovative financial system.
    In the figures 1 to 5 below, the numerical reference indicates: 1 Document of value, according to the invention 2 Security element applied to the surface of the document of value 3 Relief printing on the document of value 4 Security feature with achromatic structures 5 Partial metallic layer 6 Transparent etching lacquer 7 Achromatic embossed surface structure 8 Partial metallic layer applied to the embossed surface structure 9 Adhesive layer 10 Support substrate 11 Specular reflection of the surface 12 Diffusely reflecting part of the surface 13 Reflection specular 14 Reflection diffuse in laser modified surface 15 Diffuse reflection in edge stage Fig. 1 shows a document of value 1 with a security element 2, as claimed by the invention, which is applied to the surface of the document of value. The value document contains another security feature in the form of an embossed print 3, which resembles security feature 4 of the security element. The security element 2 is also equipped with a partial metallic layer 5, without relief. Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the security document in fig. 1. The security element 2 is applied to the surface of the document of value 1 and fixed by an adhesive layer 9. The adhesive layer is typically a heat-sealing adhesive, which is activated by high temperature. The security element essentially consists of three layers: an embossing lacquer 6 with an achromatic embossed surface structure, a partial metallic layer 8 applied at least to areas of the embossed surface structure and the adhesive layer 9. The viewer observes the security element through the transparent recording lacquer 6 and sees the reflected light from the metallic layer 8. The film configuration shown in fig. 2 is well suited for use on very durable documents of value, since the metallic layer 8 is protected between the embossing lacquer 6 and the adhesive layer 9. Fig. 3 shows the security element 2, before the transfer of the application to the surface of the cash note. The layers of the security element 2 are produced on a support substrate 10, in successive steps. During the transfer process, the coated adhesive side of the security element comes into contact with the substrate of the document of value. Under pressure and / or high temperature stresses, adhesive 9 is activated and fixes security element 2 to the substrate surface. The support substrate 10 can then be removed. Normally, the thickness of the security element 2 is much less than the thickness of the support film. Removing the security film 2 from the substrate is not possible without destroying it. Fig. 4 shows an enlarged schematic view of the microstructure surface of the embossing lacquer 6 after deposition of the metallic layer 8. The surface can be divided into regions of specular reflection 11 with low surface roughness and diffusely reflective regions 12, with a random roughness of surface. On this surface, three different modes of light reflection can be identified: • A region 13, where the incident light is reflected specularly, that is, the 5 angles of incidence and reflection are identical. This region has a mirrored optical aspect. • A region 14, where the incident light is reflected diffusely or scattered in random irregularities on the surface. Due to the non-periodicity of the surface topography, diffraction effects cannot be seen. The optical appearance of this region is a matte finish. • A region 15, where incident light is scattered over edges of the surface relief. Some of the incident light is reflected from the surface, while other parts are reflected far from an observer. Depending on the viewing angle, the reflection from the embossing side walls can be viewed at oblique angles. This can lead to a situation in which the reflectivity of the safety element appears to reverse by tilting.
    权利要求:
    Claims (19)
    [0001]
    1. Achromatic security element (2) for valuable documents (1), such as bank notes, cards and identity documents, comprising a thermoplastic or radiation-curable polymer layer, characterized by the layer being embossed with diffuse microstructures reflective, with sizes, namely, lateral dimensions and recording depths, in the order of 1 to 100 pm, therefore far beyond the wavelength of light visible in the non-diffractive regime, where the diffusely reflecting microstructures are combined to form photorealistic images in halftone from a graphic arrangement of reflective specular pixels and diffusely reflective pixels that comprise diffusely reflecting microstructures.
    [0002]
    Achromatic security element according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermoplastic or radiation-curable layer is provided on a support substrate (10).
    [0003]
    3. Achromatic security element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the diffusely reflecting microstructures are combined to form an image with a three-dimensional depth appearance.
    [0004]
    4. Achromatic security element according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the diffusely reflecting microstructures are combined to form an image that resembles the impression (in low relief) of a money bill or a watermark.
    [0005]
    Achromatic security element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the diffusely reflecting microstructures are totally or partially coated with a metal layer (5, 8), a metal alloy layer, a compound layer of metal, a metallic paint or a layer with a high refractive index.
    [0006]
    Achromatic security element according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the diffusely reflecting microstructures are totally or partially covered by a colored film of compound metal.
    [0007]
    Achromatic security element according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the diffusely reflecting microstructures are covered by at least two different layers, selected from the group, consisting of metallic, metallic paint, metallic alloy, metallic compound or layers with a high refractive index.
    [0008]
    8. Achromatic security element according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the diffusely reflecting microstructures are arranged in a photorealistic halftone image, and that the partial metal layer is also applied as a halftone image. .
    [0009]
    Achromatic security element according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the security element further comprises a continuous or partial coating having fluorescent, thermochromic, phosphorescent, optically variable, magnetic and / or electrically conductive properties.
    [0010]
    Achromatic security element according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it also comprises a protective layer.
    [0011]
    Achromatic security element according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it further comprises an adhesive layer, such as a hot or cold sealing layer, or a self-adhesive layer.
    [0012]
    Value document comprising a security element according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the security element (29) is at least partially incorporated into the value document (1).
    [0013]
    13. Document of value comprising a security element according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the security element is applied to the surface of the document of value (1), with or without removal of the backing film.
    [0014]
    Method for manufacturing the security elements according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: providing a support substrate, coating said substrate with a thermoplastic coating or a radiation curable polymer, etching the said coating in relief with diffusely reflecting microstructures, with sizes, namely, lateral dimensions and engraving depths, in the order of 1 to 100 pm, therefore far beyond the wavelength of light visible in the non-diffractive regime, where the microstructures diffuse reflective elements are combined to form photorealistic halftone images from a graphic arrangement of reflective specular pixels and diffusely reflective pixels that comprise diffusely reflective microstructures.
    [0015]
    Method according to claim 14, characterized in that it additionally comprises the step of coating the diffusely reflecting microstructures with one or at least two different layers, selected from the group consisting of metallic, metallic paint, metallic alloy, compound metallic or layers with high refractive index.
    [0016]
    Method according to one of claims 14 or 15, characterized in that it further comprises the step of applying a continuous or partial coating, having fluorescent, phosphorescent, thermochromic, optically variable, magnetic and / or electrically conductive properties.
    [0017]
    Method according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that it further comprises the steps of applying a protective and / or adhesive layer.
    [0018]
    Method according to one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that it further comprises the step of laminating a second transport substrate on the first transport substrate.
    [0019]
    19. Monetary system comprising money and currency notes, characterized by money and currency notes comprising diffusely reflecting microstructures, with sizes, namely, lateral dimensions and engraving depths in the order of 1 to 100 pm, therefore far beyond the length of visible light wave in the non-diffractive regime, where the diffusively reflecting microstructures are combined to form photorealistic halftone images from a graphic arrangement of reflective specular pixels and diffusively reflecting pixels that comprise the diffusively reflecting microstructures.
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    2020-07-07| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-11-10| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 05/10/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP10013580.5|2010-10-13|
    EP10013580.5A|EP2441593B1|2010-10-13|2010-10-13|Security element with achromatic features|
    PCT/EP2011/004955|WO2012048809A1|2010-10-13|2011-10-05|Security element with achromatic features|
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